The weight required to make a key go down is referred to as the “touch.” On different pianos it might vary from 40 grams to 70 grams (26 grams make up one ounce). Differences in leverage, mass of various parts, and frictional resistance yield piano actions that play very differently.

But don’t think that a lighter touch is always better. In fact, most advanced musicians like to feel a touch that is anywhere from 52 to 58 grams. If a piano is too light, there’s no feedback from the piano back to the player. And if the touch is too heavy, arms and fingers tire easily and sensitive control is gone.

Some adjustments can be made to change a piano’s touchweight. If you’re interested, ask Brigham, 801-830-0011.

Content provided courtesy of the ptg.org tip of the day, a service for all Registered Piano Technicians.

Another free pick up by Brigham’s Piano Service.

A previous tuning client called to see how quickly Brigham could come and haul away this piano that she felt was not in sufficient repair to merit selling it.  Indeed, it needs quite a lot of work… which is Brigham’s specialty.  She was thrilled to have it moved out quickly to meet her landlord’s deadline and Brigham was happy to have a new “project”.    Keep him in mind if you’ve got one of those pianos that you think is beyond the effort to sell.  We’d love to come pick it up and transform it into a musical instrument that a family will love!

Great attention to detail is made during the refurbishing process of each piano that we work on.  Here are photos showing the before and after of making old ebonies look like new.  You can visit our services/refurbishing page to learn more about our complete process.

(In the photos above, Brigham has removed a Hailun Grand Action from a brand new piano to make regulation and voicing adjustments in addition to the initial tuning.)

Brand new pianos tend to require a significant amount of precision preparation to meet each musicians standards.  Brigham spends all the time necessary on each grand piano to not only tune it to perfection, but to also address tone, regulation, and touch.  Brigham always goes through a complete regulation of the piano, as well as voicing, to match each customers personal preference.  He welcomes all clients to come and play our pianos, but he gets especially excited when a very “picky” or “particular” musician arrives and starts trying the pianos.  His technical expertise further set his pianos apart from a traditional piano sales floor. Your fingers and ears will notice a unique difference.

(These hammers are being reshaped to prep them for voicing… sent via Brigham’s cell phone camera during a recent job)

We often have clients come to our piano shop saying they want a bright piano or a warm and full sound. These are different tones that can be adjusted through voicing of a piano. This blog post will explain and answer the following questions that frequently arise about modifying a piano’s tone, or “voicing”.

• What is the difference between tuning and voicing?
• What is good tone?
• Does my piano need voicing?
• How does a technician voice a piano?
• Getting the most enjoyment from your piano.

Every piano has its own unique sound. One might be described as ‘glassy,’ another as ‘warm’. One might have a ‘full singing’ tone, and yet another sounds ‘thin.’ Although the original design establishes the basic character of your piano’s tone, your technician can modify it to better suit your taste or restore its original tone if it has deteriorated with age. The process of modifying a piano’s tone is called voicing.

What is the difference between tuning and voicing?

Tuning is the adjustment of the tension of all of your piano’s 220 (or more) strings to the correct pitch or frequency. This ensures that notes played in a musical interval (octaves, chords, etc.) will sound in harmony.

Voicing is the adjustment of a piano’s tone or quality of sound. Tone can be changed without affecting the pitch. For example, turning the bass or treble knobs on your stereo changes the tone but does not alter the notes the musician recorded. A skilled piano technician can voice a piano to change its tonal personality from mellow to bright or robust to delicate. The degree of change possible depends upon the piano’s design and condition.

What is good tone?

Tone varies, even among pianos of the same make and model. No matter what its size or cost, any good piano should provide a wide range of tone, from soft and sweet to loud and bright. The tone should be even from the lowest to the highest notes. Most of all, it should sound musical.

What does the perfect piano tone sound like? There is no single answer, because everyone’s taste varies. Also, certain tonal characteristics are more suited to specific styles of music. A bright, lively tone might be best for jazz, whereas you might prefer a rich and dark sound for Beethoven’s music. There are many different sizes and models of piano available in the market place; you chose your piano because it sounded good to you.

But a piano’s tone changes with use. As the hammers wear and compact, the tone often becomes too bright and harsh, robbing the pianist of the ability to produce a sweet sound. As parts wear, the regulation (adjustment of the mechanical parts that transmit motion from the fingers to the hammers) becomes uneven, and the pianist loses control over volume and tone. This is most noticeable in quiet playing. A delicate pianissimo passage becomes very difficult or impossible to play, and some keys may not sound at all if played very lightly.

Aging of the piano’s strings and structure also can diminish its tone.

Other factors that affect the sound you hear from your piano are:

• ROOM ACOUSTICS — Hard shiny surfaces such as windows and bare floors reflect high frequencies, making a piano sound bright and loud. High ceilings or large adjoining rooms add resonance. Rugs and upholstered furniture soften tone and add warmth.
• THE LID — Both grands and verticals sound louder and brighter if the lid is opened.
• YOU — Your ears are sensitive, and will perceive sound differently if you have spent all day in a quiet office or at a loud construction site.

Does my piano need voicing?

• Your piano may benefit from voicing if:
• Your piano sounds different than when you purchased it.
• You don’t like the sound even after it has been tuned.
• Tone varies radically from note to note.
• You cannot achieve a range of tone (mellow to bright) at different volumes.
• The piano has lost its ability to play softly.

Before deciding if a new piano needs voicing, make sure it is well-tuned and well-regulated. Then, play a wide variety of music on it. Most voicing procedures are long-lasting, so give yourself some time to explore the sound of a new instrument before deciding to change it.

How often voicing is needed depends upon the piano’s usage and its intended audience. Pianos in concert halls and recording studios often receive minor refinement of the voicing before each performance. A home piano may need some initial voicing to customize it to the owner’s taste, then once every one to five years to maintain its tone.

Your piano and your musical needs are unique — your own schedule for periodic voicing is a matter for you and your technician to decide. To find out how voicing might improve the tone of your piano, ask for a demonstration on one or two notes.

How does a technician voice a piano?

Before you or your technician can fully evaluate then tone of your piano, it must be well-tuned. Tuning is the first step in improving the sound of any piano and may actually provide the tone you desire. If the tone is still not satisfactory. Your technician will inspect the action, hammers and strings. If these components are severely worn, major repairs may be required before an improved tone is possible.

Moderately worn hammers can be re-shaped with sandpaper to remove string grooves and restore their original rounded shape. Next, the hammers are aligned to strike each string squarely.

Action regulation should be checked or adjusted. This ensures an even, powerful response from each key.

If tuning, hammer shaping and regulation are correct, the tone probably will be balanced but still may be too bright or mellow for your taste. If so, your technician might recommend voicing the hammers.

For a tone that is too loud, too bright or seems to die out too quickly, softening the hammers felt often is recommended. This is usually done by inserting needles into specific areas of the hammer to increase flexibility.

For a tone that is too weak or too mellow, hardening of the hammer felt may be necessary. This is usually done by filing away soft outer layers of hammer felt or by applying a chemical hardening solution.

Once the overall tone is correct, individual notes are voiced to make the tone as even as possible from one end of the keyboard to the other. In some pianos certain notes still may sound different from their neighbors, no matter how skillfully the technician voiced the piano. This most commonly occurs about an octave below middle C, where the strings change from steel wires wrapped with copper to plain steel. Such irregularities are a result of design compromises, and usually cannot be corrected by voicing.

Getting the most enjoyment from your piano

One of your piano’s most important assets is its tone. Properly voiced, your piano can offer you a rich palette of music expression, and inspire good practice habits in every member of your family. However, piano owners are not always aware that tone can be customized to their own tastes and room acoustics, and to correct for deterioration and age. If the only service your piano has received is tuning, the sound can likely be improved by voicing.

© 1992 & 1994 The Piano Technicians Guild, Inc.
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Brigham is a Registered Piano Technician and member of the local and national PTG.

Our expanding business no longer fits in our house… we burst the seams with the 24th piano stacked in our home and garage.  Sooooooo…… we have found a warehouse to be the new home for Brigham’s Piano Shop! We are busy moving in and setting up shop (so there won’t be any more blogging until after the grand opening).

Save the date for November 27th and join us at 10am!  The Utah Valley Chamber will kick off our warehouse grand opening with a ribbon cutting ceremony right at 10!  We will now be located at 185 West 200 South, Pleasant Grove. (Just north of the Purple Turtle)  We will still remain a “By Appointment Only” business… so call before you come, 801-830-0011.

• Chip repair
• Ivory repair
• Ivory replacement
• Ebony options
• Complete plastic recovering

More information can be found on our website for Key Top Repair and Replacement.

You can contact Steve at 801-592-1919.

Above is Brigham’s little truck receiving a Hailun upright from Walter Transport’s big truck!

You can visit Walter Transport on-line at www.walterpianotransport.com